Display of the ancestral genetic markers or pedigree of an individual genetic marker on the phylogenetic tree of human beings.
Tree Level | DNA Marker / Branch Name | Alternative Names | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1 | HomoErectus | hg38:21292569-T-G | Human and Denisovan diverge from ancestral allele T found in chimpanzees at this position. hg38 Ref is G. DNA lineage HomoErectus is estimated to have originated in about the year 1.9 million bce. |
2 | Heidelbergensis | A8835 | Presumed Y Ancestor of Humans and Neanderthals. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A000-T. DNA lineage Heidelbergensis is estimated to have originated in about the year 652,000 bce. |
3 | YAdam | hg38:2844421-A-G | Ancestral allele in chimpanzee is A implying this is probably a human-defining SNP for homo sapiens. hg38 Ref is G. Believed coincident with PR2921. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A00-T. DNA lineage YAdam is estimated to have originated in about the year 302,000 bce. |
4 | L1085 | A0-T hg38:2922685-T-C | Defining mutation for near-root haplogroup A0-T (aka A0'1'2'3'4). That is to say father of ALL modern Y-DNA lineages except A00. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage L1085 is estimated to have originated in about the year 232,000 bce. |
5 | P305 | hg38:2842113-A-G A1 rs72625368 | Defining mutation for ISOGG haplogroup A1 branch. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage P305 is estimated to have originated in about the year 149,000 bce. |
6 | P108 | A1b rs761539052 | Defining mutation for ancient haplogroup branch A1b at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Also enumerated as hg38:13314368-C-T. DNA lineage P108 is estimated to have originated in about the year 133,000 bce. |
7 | L413 | PF1409 V31 BT rs192939307 | Defining mutation for haplogroup branch BT at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage L413 is estimated to have originated in about the year 129,000 bce. |
8 | M168 | PF1416 CT-M168 CT rs2032595 | Defining mutation for haplogroup branch CT. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage M168 is estimated to have originated in about the year 87,500 bce. |
9 | M145 | P205 PF1444 DE-M145 rs3848982 | Defining mutation for backbone haplogroup branch DE. DNA lineage M145 is estimated to have originated in about the year 63,800 bce. |
10 | M96 | PF1823 rs9306841 | Defining mutation for major haplogroup E root on ISOGG and FTDNA trees. DNA lineage M96 is estimated to have originated in about the year 63,400 bce. |
11 | CTS9083 | M5509 PF1764 rs9786506 | As an intermediate branch under M96 on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with M5479 on YFull tree. DNA lineage CTS9083 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,900 bce. |
12 | P147 | PF1938 rs16980577 | Defining mutation for haplogroup E1 on ISOGG, YFull, and FTDNA trees. DNA lineage P147 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,600 bce. |
13 | P177 | PF1939 rs16980473 | Defining mutation for haplogroup E1b root on ISOGG, YFull, and FTDNA trees. DNA lineage P177 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,500 bce. |
14 | P2 | PF1940 PN2 rs9785756 | Defining mutation for haplogroup E1b1 on ISOGG tree as an intermediate branch under P177. Originally enumerated as a C->T mutation allele. DNA lineage P2 is estimated to have originated in about the year 47,800 bce. |
15 | V38.1 | V38 TSC0077541 rs768983 | Defining mutation for haplogroup E1b1a on ISOGG, FTDNA, and YFull trees. DNA lineage V38.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 46,000 bce. |
16 | M2 | M2_2 DYS271 SY81 rs9785941 | Under V38 on YFull and FTDNA trees. Believed coincident with M291. DNA lineage M2 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,800 bce. |
17 | M4901 | rs73626947 | Under M2 on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with Y1705 / FGC10942 on YFull tree. DNA lineage M4901 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,500 bce. |
18 | M180 | P88 rs2032598 | Under M4901 on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with V43 on YFull tree. ISOGG notes it is very rarely scored. DNA lineage M180 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,400 bce. |
19 | CTS1001 | M4727 rs9786826 | Under M180 on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with M4732 on ISOGG and YFull trees. Example is sample ERR1395582 from Western Sahara. DNA lineage CTS1001 is estimated to have originated in about the year 44,600 bce. |
20 | M4895 | rs9786093 | Under M4732 and CTS1001 on YFull and FTDNA trees. Example is HG02804 from Gambia. DNA lineage M4895 is estimated to have originated in about the year 42,800 bce. |
21 | CTS229 | M4225 PF6968 V1112 rs111577493 | Under M4895 on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with M4231 on YFull tree. DNA lineage CTS229 is estimated to have originated in about the year 33,800 bce. |
22 | U175 | rs16980588 | Under M4231 and CTS229 on YFull, ISOGG, FTDNA trees. DNA lineage U175 is estimated to have originated in about the year 33,700 bce. |
23 | P277 | rs16980558 | Under U175 on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with M4254 on YFull tree. DNA lineage P277 is estimated to have originated in about the year 32,800 bce. |
24 | M4232.1 | M4232 rs112301583 | On YFull and FTDNA trees. DNA lineage M4232.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 25,200 bce. |
25 | M4257 | Z1720 rs112062154 | Under M4232 on YFull, FTDNA, and ISOGG trees. DNA lineage M4257 is estimated to have originated in about the year 25,100 bce. |
26 | M4041 | CTS6779 rs113326769 | Under M4257 on ISOGG, YFull, and FTDNA trees. Example is HG02839 from Gambia. DNA lineage M4041 is estimated to have originated in about the year 19,600 bce. |
27 | Z21821 | rs368174622 | Under M4041 on FTDNA tree. DNA lineage Z21821 is estimated to have originated in about the year 15,500 bce. |
28 | Z21822 | rs369635208 | Under Z21821 on FTDNA tree. DNA lineage Z21822 is estimated to have originated in about the year 13,900 bce. |
29 | CTS2504 | M3993 Z1717 rs111767590 | Under Z21822 on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with M3988 / CTS11 on YFull tree. DNA lineage CTS2504 is estimated to have originated in about the year 13,800 bce. |
30 | Z1788 | M3907 rs372718851 | On YFull and FTDNA trees. Believed coincident with M3905. DNA lineage Z1788 is estimated to have originated in about the year 13,500 bce. |
31 | CTS9968 | V3862 rs368438305 | Under Z1788 on FTDNA tree. DNA lineage CTS9968 is estimated to have originated in about the year 11,900 bce. |
32 | CTS11328 | M3870 Z1789 rs377434189 | On ISOGG, YFull, and FTDNA trees. DNA lineage CTS11328 is estimated to have originated in about the year 4,180 bce. |
33 | Z1721 | rs371203024 | Under CTS11328 on YFull and FTDNA trees. Example is sample NA18934 from Yoruba tribe of Nigeria which does not have Z1769. DNA lineage Z1721 is estimated to have originated in about the year 3,910 bce. |
34 | CTS729 | rs764904231 | Under Z1721 on FTDNA tree. DNA lineage CTS729 is estimated to have originated in about the year 3,760 bce. |
35 | CTS4017.1 | CTS4017 rs776273632 | On FTDNA tree. DNA lineage CTS4017.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 3,580 bce. |
36 | Z200.2 | E-Z200 AM01900.2 S361.2 rs759314674 | Under CTS3243 and coincident with CTS4017 on ISOGG tree. Believed a descendant of CTS4017 based on shared markers. DNA lineage Z200.2 is estimated to have originated in about the year 3,550 bce. |