Display of the ancestral genetic markers or pedigree of an individual genetic marker on the phylogenetic tree of human beings.
| Tree Level | DNA Marker / Branch Name | Alternative Names | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HomoErectus | hg38:21292569-T-G | Human and Denisovan diverge from ancestral allele T found in chimpanzees at this position. hg38 Ref is G. DNA lineage HomoErectus is estimated to have originated in about the year 1.9 million bce. |
| 2 | Heidelbergensis | A8835 | Presumed Y Ancestor of Humans and Neanderthals. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A000-T. DNA lineage Heidelbergensis is estimated to have originated in about the year 652,000 bce. |
| 3 | YAdam | hg38:2844421-A-G | Ancestral allele in chimpanzee is A implying this is probably a human-defining SNP for homo sapiens. hg38 Ref is G. Believed coincident with PR2921. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A00-T. DNA lineage YAdam is estimated to have originated in about the year 302,000 bce. |
| 4 | L1085 | A0-T hg38:2922685-T-C | Defining mutation for near-root haplogroup A0-T (aka A0'1'2'3'4). That is to say father of ALL modern Y-DNA lineages except A00. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage L1085 is estimated to have originated in about the year 232,000 bce. |
| 5 | P305 | hg38:2842113-A-G A1 rs72625368 | Defining mutation for haplogroup A1 root on ISOGG tree. Believed coincident with V168 on FTDNA tree. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage P305 is estimated to have originated in about the year 149,000 bce. |
| 6 | P108 | A1b rs761539052 | Defining mutation for ancient haplogroup branch A1b at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Also enumerated as hg38:13314368-C-T. DNA lineage P108 is estimated to have originated in about the year 133,000 bce. |
| 7 | L413 | PF1409 V31 BT rs192939307 | Defining mutation for haplogroup branch BT at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage L413 is estimated to have originated in about the year 129,000 bce. |
| 8 | M168 | PF1416 CT-M168 CT rs2032595 | Defining mutation for haplogroup branch CT. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage M168 is estimated to have originated in about the year 87,500 bce. |
| 9 | P143 | CF-P143 CF PF2587 rs4141886 | Defining mutation for haplogroup CF, common ancestor of haplogroup C and haplogroup F. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Example is ancient sample I8142 from Granada, Spain 2,100 bce. DNA lineage P143 is estimated to have originated in about the year 63,800 bce. |
| 10 | M216 | rs2032666 | Defining mutation for haplogroup C root on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with M130 on 23mofang tree. Example is ancient DNA sample TSBL_BA_KM035806 from Xinjiang, China 1,600 bce. DNA lineage M216 is estimated to have originated in about the year 63,400 bce. |
| 11 | M217 | rs2032668 | Defining mutation for haplogroup C2 on ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. Formerly designated haplogroup C3. Example is ancient DNA sample I6708 from Kenai Cemetery, Kazakhstan 2,092 bce. DNA lineage M217 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,900 bce. |
| 12 | F1067 | rs762037042 | Defining mutation for haplogroup C2b on ISOGG, YFull, and FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. DNA lineage F1067 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,600 bce. |
| 13 | CTS2 | rs973484984 | Under F1067 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with Z1312 and F2613. Study by 23mofang found 9% of Mongolians have this marker. DNA lineage CTS2 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,500 bce. |
| 14 | F978.1 | F978 IMS-JST002613m27 IMS-JST002613-27 rs779254857 | Under CTS2 on 23mofang tree. DNA lineage F978.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 47,800 bce. |
| 15 | F3895 | rs769373198 | Under F978 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with CTS4021 / Z1301. DNA lineage F3895 is estimated to have originated in about the year 46,000 bce. |
| 16 | CTS2657 | rs755171620 | Under Z1300, CTS4201, and F3895 on ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. DNA lineage CTS2657 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,800 bce. |
| 17 | CTS11990 | rs753148069 | On ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. DNA lineage CTS11990 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,500 bce. |
| 18 | CTS8579 | rs779677005 | Under CTS11990 on ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. DNA lineage CTS8579 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,400 bce. |
| 19 | Y25125 | F24977 rs757127818 | Under CTS8579 on 23mofang tree. DNA lineage Y25125 is estimated to have originated in about the year 44,600 bce. |
| 20 | F7940 | rs772852942 | Under CTS8579 and ancestral to M407 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with Y13856 / Z31650 / F6319 on FTDNA tree. DNA lineage F7940 is estimated to have originated in about the year 42,800 bce. |
| 21 | M407 | rs371814332 | Under CTS8579, Y13856, F6319, and F7940 on ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. DNA lineage M407 is estimated to have originated in about the year 33,800 bce. |
| 22 | F3850 | rs755271377 | Under M407 on ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. Example is accession ELT50351 from China. DNA lineage F3850 is estimated to have originated in about the year 33,700 bce. |
| 23 | F3916.1 | F3916 F13679 rs746521257 | Under F3850 and on ISOGG, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. Believed coincident with Y12960 on YFull tree. Example is NA19091 from Japan. DNA lineage F3916.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 32,800 bce. |
| 24 | F3881 | Under Y12960 and F3916 on YFull and FTDNA trees. Example is accession ERS2478534 from China. DNA lineage F3881 is estimated to have originated in about the year 25,200 bce. | |
| 25 | Y148405 | Under F3881 and ancestral to Y148048 on FTDNA tree. DNA lineage Y148405 is estimated to have originated in about the year 25,100 bce. | |
| 26 | Y263263.1 | Y263263 | Located on DYZ19 heterochromatic region. Found in haplogroup C2b under F3881 (and Y148405) on YFull tree. Example is accession ERS2478534 from Xinjiang, China. DNA lineage Y263263.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 19,600 bce. |
| 27 | BY18318.2 | Under F3916 (and F3881) on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with Y312599 and descendant of Y263263 on YFull tree. Believed coincident with F3978 on FTDNA tree. Example is accession CRR012552 from China. DNA lineage BY18318.2 is estimated to have originated in about the year 15,500 bce. | |
| 28 | F3970 | Under BY18318 and ancestral to MF46267 on 23mofang tree. DNA lineage F3970 is estimated to have originated in about the year 13,900 bce. | |
| 29 | MF46267 | Under F3970 on 23mofang tree. DNA lineage MF46267 is estimated to have originated in about the year 13,800 bce. | |
| 30 | MF1486.3 | DNA lineage MF1486.3 is estimated to have originated in about the year 13,500 bce. | |
| 31 | MF54200 | DNA lineage MF54200 is estimated to have originated in about the year 11,900 bce. | |
| 32 | MF78058.1 | MF78058 | Under MF54200 on 23mofang tree. YSeq attributed to haplogroup O. DNA lineage MF78058.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 4,180 bce. |
| 33 | MF360533 | C-MF360533 | DNA lineage MF360533 is estimated to have originated in about the year 3,910 bce. |