Display of the ancestral genetic markers or pedigree of an individual genetic marker on the phylogenetic tree of human beings.
| Tree Level | DNA Marker / Branch Name | Alternative Names | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HomoErectus | hg38:21292569-T-G | Human and Denisovan diverge from ancestral allele T found in chimpanzees at this position. hg38 Ref is G. DNA lineage HomoErectus is estimated to have originated in about the year 1.9 million bce. |
| 2 | Heidelbergensis | A8835 | Presumed Y Ancestor of Humans and Neanderthals. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A000-T. DNA lineage Heidelbergensis is estimated to have originated in about the year 652,000 bce. |
| 3 | YAdam | hg38:2844421-A-G | Ancestral allele in chimpanzee is A implying this is probably a human-defining SNP for homo sapiens. hg38 Ref is G. Believed coincident with PR2921. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A00-T. DNA lineage YAdam is estimated to have originated in about the year 302,000 bce. |
| 4 | L1085 | A0-T hg38:2922685-T-C | Defining mutation for near-root haplogroup A0-T (aka A0'1'2'3'4). That is to say father of ALL modern Y-DNA lineages except A00. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage L1085 is estimated to have originated in about the year 232,000 bce. |
| 5 | P305 | hg38:2842113-A-G A1 rs72625368 | Defining mutation for haplogroup A1 root on ISOGG tree. Believed coincident with V168 on FTDNA tree. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage P305 is estimated to have originated in about the year 149,000 bce. |
| 6 | P108 | A1b rs761539052 | Defining mutation for ancient haplogroup branch A1b at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Also enumerated as hg38:13314368-C-T. DNA lineage P108 is estimated to have originated in about the year 133,000 bce. |
| 7 | L413 | PF1409 V31 BT rs192939307 | Defining mutation for haplogroup branch BT at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage L413 is estimated to have originated in about the year 129,000 bce. |
| 8 | M168 | PF1416 CT-M168 CT rs2032595 | Defining mutation for haplogroup branch CT. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. DNA lineage M168 is estimated to have originated in about the year 87,500 bce. |
| 9 | P143 | CF-P143 CF PF2587 rs4141886 | Defining mutation for haplogroup CF, common ancestor of haplogroup C and haplogroup F. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Example is ancient sample I8142 from Granada, Spain 2,100 bce. DNA lineage P143 is estimated to have originated in about the year 63,800 bce. |
| 10 | M216 | rs2032666 | Defining mutation for haplogroup C root on FTDNA tree. Believed coincident with M130 on 23mofang tree. Example is ancient DNA sample TSBL_BA_KM035806 from Xinjiang, China 1,600 bce. DNA lineage M216 is estimated to have originated in about the year 63,400 bce. |
| 11 | M217 | rs2032668 | Defining mutation for haplogroup C2 on ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. Formerly designated haplogroup C3. Example is ancient DNA sample I6708 from Kenai Cemetery, Kazakhstan 2,092 bce. DNA lineage M217 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,900 bce. |
| 12 | F1067 | rs762037042 | Defining mutation for haplogroup C2b on ISOGG, YFull, and FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. DNA lineage F1067 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,600 bce. |
| 13 | CTS2 | rs973484984 | Under F1067 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with Z1312 and F2613. Study by 23mofang found 9% of Mongolians have this marker. DNA lineage CTS2 is estimated to have originated in about the year 48,500 bce. |
| 14 | F978.1 | F978 IMS-JST002613m27 IMS-JST002613-27 rs779254857 | Under CTS2 on 23mofang tree. DNA lineage F978.1 is estimated to have originated in about the year 47,800 bce. |
| 15 | F3895 | rs769373198 | Under F978 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with CTS4021 / Z1301. DNA lineage F3895 is estimated to have originated in about the year 46,000 bce. |
| 16 | K700 | Z12209 rs1434351410 | Under Z1300, CTS4021, and F3895 on ISOGG, YFull, FTDNA, and 23mofang trees. DNA lineage K700 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,800 bce. |
| 17 | CTS3385 | rs770764944 | Under K700 on ISOGG, YFull, and 23mofang trees. Believed coincident with PH1064 on FTDNA tree. DNA lineage CTS3385 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,500 bce. |
| 18 | Z31675 | F10004 rs778588150 | Under CTS3385 on 23mofang tree. DNA lineage Z31675 is estimated to have originated in about the year 45,400 bce. |
| 19 | FGC45553 | Under CTS3385 and Z31675, ancestral to PH1906 and F15516 on YFull and 23mofang trees. Example is YF093491 from Sichuan, China. DNA lineage FGC45553 is estimated to have originated in about the year 44,600 bce. | |
| 20 | F15516 | Under FGC45553 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with PH1906. DNA lineage F15516 is estimated to have originated in about the year 42,800 bce. | |
| 21 | FGC45548 | rs747523165 | Under PH1906 and F15516 on ISOGG, YFull, and 23mofang trees. Believed coincident with PH1906 on FTDNA tree. Example is YF62620 from China. DNA lineage FGC45548 is estimated to have originated in about the year 33,800 bce. |
| 22 | Z45207 | Y35925 MF1629 rs781332153 | Under FGC45548 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with FGC45548 and PH1019 on YFull and FTDNA trees. DNA lineage Z45207 is estimated to have originated in about the year 33,700 bce. |
| 23 | FGC45566 | Under Z45207 on 23mofang tree. Believed coincident with PH1064 on YFull tree. DNA lineage FGC45566 is estimated to have originated in about the year 32,800 bce. | |
| 24 | Z31672 | C-Z31672 rs778470171 | Under CTS3385 and FGC45566 on 23mofang tree. DNA lineage Z31672 is estimated to have originated in about the year 25,200 bce. |