Ancestral DNA Marker Pedigree Display

This page displays the ancestral markers or pedigree of a given node on the phylogenetic tree of mankind. While the whole phylogenetic tree is vast, this tool provides a simplified display showing only the ancestral markers for one, single lineage at a time or to compare two markers and see where the lineages diverge.

For non-recombining portions of DNA such as the Y-chromosome, scientists and genetic genealogists are literally assembling a tree of mankind based on key genetic marker mutations. Most of these markers are classified as SNPs meaning single nucleotide polymorphism. The markers here are medically insignificant but do suggest descent from a common ancestor at a point in time.

Our understanding of this pedigree is growing rapidly thanks to advances in DNA sequencing techology and improved extraction techniques for ancient human samples. These advances combined with a growing sample of modern persons tested with high resolution, next-generation sequencing have enabled our community to find new branches on a weekly basis since 2017.

What is presented below is GeneticHomeland.com's working draft of the phylogenetic order of markers based on a variety of sources. It is by no means final or authoritative but offered for genealogical purposes and entertainment only. This tool works in conjunction with our DNA Marker Index which shows additional information for individual markers. The longest pedigree is 57 genetic marker branches deep. Currently there are 52,436 branches recorded in our database across the Y and M chromosomes as of 11/19/2020 1:21:58 PM.


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To explore other branches, click on the Tree Level to zoom to that particular pedigree. Click on the Marker Name to see more information in our DNA Marker Index.

Phylogenetic Ancestral Tree for marker [BY64626] on Chromosome Y (Tree 1444343)
Tree Level Marker / Branch NameAlternative NamesNotes
1 HomoErectus hg38:21292569-T-G Human and Denisovan diverge from ancestral allele T found in chimpanzees at this position. hg38 Ref is G.
2 Heidelbergensis A8835 Presumed Y Ancestor of Humans and Neanderthals. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A000-T.
3 YAdam hg38:2844421-A-G Ancestral allele in chimpanzee is A implying this is probably a human-defining SNP for homo sapiens. hg38 Ref is G. Believed coincident with PR2921. ISOGG calls this haplogroup A00-T.
4 L1085 hg38:2922685-T-C Defining mutation for near-root haplogroup A0-T (aka A0'1'2'3'4). That is to say father of ALL modern Y-DNA lineages except A00. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
5 P305 hg38:2842113-A-G rs72625368 Defining mutation for haplogroup ISOGG branch A1. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
6 P108 rs761539052 Defining mutation for ancient haplogroup branch A1b at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral. Also enumerated as hg38:13314368-C-T.
7 L413 PF1409 V31 rs192939307 Defining mutation for haplogroup branch BT at ISOGG. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
8 M168 PF1416 CT-M168 rs2032595 Defining mutation for haplogroup branch CT. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
9 P143 PF2587 CF-P143 rs4141886 Defining mutation for haplogroup branch CF. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
10 M89 PF2746 rs2032652 Defining mutation for haplogroup F. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
11 F1329 M3658 PF2622 YSC0001299 GHIJK-F1329 V2308 rs9786482 Defining mutation for haplogroup branch above GHIJK (sic). hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. V2308 has alleles reversed.
12 M578 F929 S6397 PF3494 S6378 HIJK-PF3494 rs73614810 Mutation at haplogroup branch HIJK. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
13 M523 L15 PF3492 S137 Z4413 IJK-L15 rs9786139 Defining mutation for haplogroup branch IJK. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
14 M9 PF5506 rs3900 Defining mutation for haplogroup K. Predecessor of most non-African haplogroups. Arose about 45,000 bce. hg38 has incorrect Ref versus ancestral allele.
15 M526 PF5979 rs2033003 hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
16 M1221 PF5911 YSC0186 P331 YSC0000186 MF44733 rs9785994 Ancestor of haplogroups M, P, and S. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
17 PF5850.1 PF5850 rs74550416 Defining mutation for haplogroup P root on FTDNA tree as of Sept 2020 based on sample from Jahai tribesman of Malaysia. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. See also PF5850.2 which could represent X recombination.
18 P295 PF5866 S8 rs895530 Defining mutation for haplogroup P root (K2b2) with ISOGG. Arose about 43,000 bce. hg38 Ref allele does not match ancestral.
19 PF5849 rs2574517 YFull lists as haplogroup P1, intermediate between root and P337. Possible example from Andaman Islands. Hg38 Ref allele does not match ancestral value.
20 P337 F1857 Page83 PAGES00083 PF5901 PAGE083 rs13305774 As intermediate branch. Hg38 Ref does not match ancestral. Example is ancient sample Yana2 from Russia.
21 P284 rs4116821 On YFull and FTDNA trees again. Example is ancient Russian sample Yana2.
22 P226 PF5879 rs17250992 Found in ancient haplogroup P. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Also known as haplogroup QR - ancestor to hapogroups Q and R.
23 M207 Page37 PAGES00037 PF6038 UTY2 rs2032658 Designates major haplogroup R, ancestor to R1b, R1a, and R2 (aka K2b2a2). Arose about 30,000 bce. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
24 M173 P241 Page29 PAGES00029 PF6126 rs2032624 Designates major haplogroup branch R1*. Arose about 26,000 bce. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
25 M343 PF6242 rs9786184 Designates major haplogroup R1b. Arose about 22,000 bce. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
26 L754 PF6269 YSC0000022 rs7893073 Defines branch R1b1 on ISOGG, YFull, and FTDNA trees. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
27 L389 PF6531 rs1358368 Defines branch R1b1a on FTDNA, and YFull trees. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
28 P297 PF6398 MF48762 R1b1a1a rs9785702 hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Sometimes labeled as R1b1a1a haplogroup in literature using older nomenclature.
29 M269 PF6517 R1b1a1a2 MF53029 rs9786153 Designates WAMH major European branch of R1b. Arose about 11,000 bce. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Britain's DNA labeled this branch: Anatolian. Sometimes labeled as R1b1a1a2 haplogroup in literature using older nomenclature.
30 L23 PF6534 S141 R1b1a1a2a rs9785971 Arose about 6,000 bce. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Sometimes labeled as R1b1a1a2a haplogroup in literature using older nomenclature.
31 L51 M412 PF6536 S167 rs9786140 In Europe, almost entirely west of the Danube river. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
32 P310 PF6546 S129 rs9786283 Under. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Believed coincident with L52. Examples include ancient samples PCW361 and PCW362.
33 L151 PF6542 rs2082033 Under R1b M269 > L23 > L51 according to FTDNA. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value.
34 P312 PF6547 S116 MF52579 rs34276300 Major block under R1b. Arose about 5,000 bce. hg38 Ref does not match ancestral allele value. Britain's DNA labeled this branch: Beaker Folk and formerly Bell Beaker.
35 Z290 S461 rs146019383 Largest branch under under M269
36 L21 M529 S145 rs11799226 Largest European group under R1b P312. Highly correlated with geography of ancient Celts. Britain's DNA labeled this branch: Pretani.
37 DF13 CTS241 S521 rs373989227 Major branch of L21 in haplogroup R1b found primarily in Ireland. Originated about 2200 bce.
38 Z39589 Z39589_2 Z39589.1 Under L21 and DF13. Deletion of 18 base pairs. Note that hg38 position description not linear translation from hg19 lifover map. Also enumerated as hg19:4439911-TGCAGCTTCACTCCTGAGG-T.
39 Z251 S470 rs746402982 Major branch under R1b L21 > DF13 > Z39589
40 FGC13899 Y7624 rs201945104 Below Z251
41 FGC18232
42 BY64626 R-BY64626
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